Assyrian Empire
- Mesopotamian Empire
Hittite Empire
- Empire that originated out of Asia Minor
Babylonian Empire
- Mesopotamian Empire
- Important ruler:
- Hammurabi
- Known for Hammurabi's Code
Persian Empire
- Important rulers:
- Cyrus
- Darius
- Xerxes
- Cyrus
- Was ruled using a system of Imperial Bureaucracy
Macedonian Empire
- Important rulers:
- Philip II of Macedonia
- Alexander the Great
- Alexander the Great took over the entire Persian Empire and extended the Macedonian Empire from Macedonia and Greece in the West to India in the East
Mauryan Empire
- Empire of India
- Important rulers:
- Chandragupta Maurya
- Asoka
- Achievements:
- Spread Buddhism into China and other parts of Asia
- Free hospitals
- Veterinary clinics
- Political unity in India
- Good roads
Gupta Empire
- Empire of India
- Golden Age of classical Indian culture
- Achievements:
- Mathematical concept of 0 (zero)
- Medical advances like setting bones
- Astronomical concept of a round Earth
- New textiles
Chinese Empire(s)
- Ruled by ruling families called Dynasties
- Important ruler:
- Qin Shi Huangdi
- The emperors of China ruled under the "Mandate of Heaven," which means that the current ruler was blessed by the gods and chosen to rule over China as long as he ruled well
Roman Empire
- Came out of the Roman Republic
- Occupied most of western Europe, parts of Northern Africa, and some of the Middle East
- Important rulers:
- Augustus Caesar
- Marcus Aurelius
- Diocletian
- Constantine
- Augustus Caesar
Byzantine Empire
- A continuation of the Eastern Roman Empire
- Important ruler:
- Justinian
- Reconquered former Roman territory after the fall of the Western Roman Empire and added it to the Byzantine Empire
- Preserved the cultural heritage and knowledge of Greece and Rome
Umayyad Empire
- Islamic Empire
Abbasid Empire
- Islamic Empire
Ottoman Empire
- Conquered the city of Constantinople, ending the Byzantine Empire
- Changed Constantinople's name to Istanbul
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Mongol Empire(s)
- Important rulers:
- Genghis Khan
- Kublai Khan
- Batu Khan
- Genghis Khan
- Mongol Empires conquered and formed in China, Russia, and Southwestern Asia
Ghana
- West African Empire
- Located close to the Niger River and the Sahara Desert
Mali
- West African Empire
- Located close to the Niger River and the Sahara Desert
- Important ruler:
- Mansa Musa
- Heavily involved in the trans-Saharan gold and salt trade
- The city of Timbuktu was a center of trade and learning
- Islam spread and became a significant religion for Mali
Songhai
- West African Empire
- Located close to the Niger River and the Sahara Desert
- Heavily involved in the trans-Saharan gold and salt trade
- The city of Timbuktu was a center of trade and learning
- Islam was a significant religion in Songhai
Aztec Empire
- Central American Empire
- Located in the arid valley of central Mexico
- Represented by the city Tenochtitlan
- Economy was based on agriculture and tribute from conquered people
- Polytheistic religion which included pyramids and human sacrifice
Incan Empire
- South American Empire
- Located in the Andes Mountains of South America
- Represented by the city of Machu Picchu
- Economy based on high-altitude agriculture and terrace farming
- Polytheistic religion
- Road system connected areas up, down, and along the Andes Mountains